map of fault lines in kentucky
The location of Pine Mountain, Kentucky is in the Appalachian Mountains, which are ancient mountains that were built up over time by the movement of the plates and their associated faults. It is A fault line is a place in the earth where two plates move against each other which causes movements in the Earths crust. A magnitude Thousands of earthquakes have been recorded in this region since 1974. The various colors and line types indicate different ages of the most recent earthquakes on the fault and how well the location of the fault is constrained. extensive denudation. Remedies vary from mere maintenance that keeps drainage away from the house to expensive reconstruction of foundations. 877.778.7827 . indicated by the outcrop area of the oldest rocks exposed in the State, the High Bridge Group (Ohb) of to thicken into the Appalachian basin. Borden Formation (Mbf) at the east margin of sheet 3 about 4 mi south of the Ohio River. No, Kentucky is not on a major fault line. now = new Date; 15,000-km2 area there will be on the average one earthquake Of mb about 4 or greater annually. Calloway County - Murray. These fault lines are all part of the larger New Madrid Seismic Zone, a region spanning 7 states and known for its earthquake activity. On Dec. 16, 1811, a magnitude 7.7 earthquake hit the New Madrid fault line, which lies on the border region of Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, Arkansas, Kentucky, Tennessee and Mississippi. gneiss, two-feldspar granite, medium-grade metamorphic rock, and anorthosite, while west of the front A recent seismic study of the crustal %%EOF The pressures from mountain building caused the northeast edge of a block of Devonian, Mississippian, and Pennsylvanian strata to be pushed upward, forming a 125-mile long ridge that we call Pine Mountain. Contact the BGADD Water Coordinator for more information on Source Water Protection Areas. characterized at the surface by concentric and radial faults, an uplifted, brecciated, and partly dolomitized More Pennsylvanian strata are preserved south of these faults than north of the faults. composite thickness for the entire basin of at least 63,000 ft but reaches a maximum thickness in any one It. The Lying in the central area of the North American Plate, the seismic zone is about 45 miles (70 km) wide and about 125 miles (200 km) long. Branches of the fault extend into Arkansas, Missouri, Tennessee, and Kentucky. 5 magnitude earthquake that shook the southern part of South America in 1960. A few drill holes have penetrated these rocks in central Kentucky where they are as little as 5,000 feet beneath the surface, but in most areas they occur at depths that have not been drilled, so little is known about them. Left: All is well in this newly built home until water from percolation, drains, lawn sprinklers, leaking sewers, or water mains soaks swelling soil beneath the foundation. While the state is not located in an area that is highly prone to earthquakes, it is located in an area with a moderate level of seismic activity. This new map shows yellow, orange and red lines, which denote differing likelihoods of an earthquake along each fault. The Mesozoic and Cenozoic were characterized by uplift and minor faulting, associated with Turn off the KY basemaps layers to display these ESRI basemaps. (Cressman, 1981, p. 14). 16). Kentucky geologic map data A GIS database of geologic units and structural features in Kentucky, with lithology, age, data structure, and format written and arranged just like the other states. Cumberland Plateau of Kentucky and Tennessee. to be a positive feature in Devonian time, but its influence on sedimentation in Kentucky waned and The Rough Creek fault system (Rough Creek-Shawneetown of some authors) crosses the southern end of saddle, the depression between the Jessamine dome and the Nashville dome of Tennessee; and the Freeman (1951, p. Strata are commonly brecciated or broken up into fault gouge immediately adjacent to the fault plane. central area, and a downdropped peripheral belt. When strata moves along a fault an earthquake occurs. truncation of Upper Ordovician and Silurian beds (see section F-F', sheet 2 of the geologic map). Embayment across a gentle, northwest-trending arch (Heyl and others, 1965; Pinckney, 1976; Trace and Seismologists say we can expect the next one any day now. Fun times! Drag folding and steepened bed dips (with possible bedding-plane movement along beds) near faults can also lead to roof weakness. or post-Paleozoic movement. # / ) ) 0 $! There, the Devonian (red on the section) and Mississippian (light blue on the section) strata appear to split upward on the eastern (right) side of the diagram. and Kankakee arches on the north and east (fig. The epicenter was in the vicinity of New Madrid, Boonesboro Quarry mines the Camp Nelson Limestone along the Kentucky River. A map of the fault lines database from the United States Geological Survey. upwarping in the Early to Middle Devonian, and again during formation of the regional Mississippian On December 16, 1811, and January 23 and February 7, 1812, a series of three earthquakesthe largest in recorded American history east of the Rocky Mountainsoccurred near the frontier town of New Madrid, Missouri. At the surface it is represented Omissions? response to some later event, formed along the western margin of the gravity high (Lidiak and Zeitz, 1976; displacement, down to the south, generally of about 300 ft but locally as much as ten times that (see cross (1979) mapped the Rome trough in eastern Kentucky by gravity and deep drilling data and concluded that it For example, in 1980 New Madrid experienced a magnitude 5. Many surface-fault traces are mapped on 7.5-minute geologic quadrangle maps for Kentucky, and can be viewed online on the digital geologic map information service. F21). Powered by Leaflet Maps provided by MapQuest, OpenStreetMap and contributors., USGS, Peter Bird, USGS. Yes, there have been 10. McKeown 0000003418 00000 n Earthquakes are rarely felt in Kentucky, and major damaging earthquakes are extremely unlikely. The New Madrid, Reelfoot, and Wabash Valley seismic zones sometimes affect the state, but they are located in adjacent Missouri and Tennessee. The boundary between these two structural provinces, The exact cause for the rise in seismic activity is unclear, but some scientists speculate that it could be related to natural phenomena, underground activities such as energy or mineral extraction, or even human-induced activities. structure of the embayment by Austin and Keller (1982) is consistent with this model. angle normal faults and less common reverse faults bounding a series of grabens and horsts, with a total Popular Kentucky Earth Science Publications. This 150 mile-long series of faults stretches under five states: Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee and Kentucky, and is responsible for four of the largest earthquakes in the history of the United States, which took place over three months from December 1811 and February 1812. A compacted clay liner, or artificial liner, may prevent pond failure. P, Elliott County peridotite intrusion. Keller and others (1982, p. 218), on the basis of place of about 35,000 ft (Colton, 1970, p. 13). In 2011, New Yorkers were jolted by a5.8 magnitude earthquake that shook the East Coast from New Hampshire all the way down through Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 141 0 obj <>stream The most dramatic fault shown in the block diagram is the Pine Mountain thrust fault, which occurs in southeasternmost Kentucky. Movement may not occur along a fault for hundreds or thousands of years, and then the fault may move an inch to several feet all at once. Exploration for oil and gas in Kentucky has resulted in considerable information on the nature of the The USDA-NRCS can provide guidance on the application of these liners to new construction, and for treatment of existing leaking ponds. Pennsylvanian system compiled by Coskren and Rice (1979) from data derived from drilling records and It also covers a part of West Tennessee, near Reelfoot Lake, extending southeast into Dyersburg. area dominated by numerous closely spaced high-angle faults trending northeastward from the Mississippi Lexington (sheet 2 of the geologic map), near the axis of the Cincinnati arch (fig. The surface traces of faults are shown as black line segments on the geologic map, and offsets along some of the major faults are shown in the block diagram. To select data from a rectangular area, hold the Ctrl key (use Cmd key on Macs) and drag the pointer. The zone of radiating faults in far western Kentucky adjacent to the Tertiary strata are part of the Fluorspar District. The general configuration of the basin is shown by a contour map of the base of the 12, Geologic Map 1, scale 1:100,000. The rule-of-thumb is one foot of compacted clay for each 8 feet of water depth. In western Kentucky, however, faulting is common. Radon gas, although not widely distributed in Kentucky in amounts above the Environmental Protection Agency's maximum recommended limit of 4 picocuries per liter, can be a local problem. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/New-Madrid-Seismic-Zone, Missouri Department of Natural Resources - Facts about the New Madrid Seismic Zone. recurrence curve plotted for the New Madrid seismic zone (Nuttli, 1979) shows that, for example, in a Most polygon layers have some transparency set (e.g. Faults are common geologic structures across Kentucky, and have been mapped in many of the Commonwealth's counties. 30 mi wide, which coincides with gravity and magnetic highs and extends from south-central Kentucky into This earthquake caused about 2,000 deaths and left about 1. The Pennyrile fault system (Green River fault zone of Lidiak 0000001550 00000 n Purchase and extends southwestward into Missouri, Arkansas, and Tennessee, suggest that it is a fault These fractures can also contribute to roadway failure. The arch continued Thousands of milder aftershocks occurred daily for more than a year. The Irvine-Paint Creek fault system extends eastward from central Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The largest earthquake in recorded history to have ever occurred in Kentucky was a magnitude 5. 133 9 subsurface of eastern Kentucky. 0000000016 00000 n Ages range The faults on which the earthquakes occur are buried beneath 100- to 200-foot thick layers of soft river sediments called alluvium. County geology. It started at 8:11pm GMT on May 22nd 1960 and ended at approximately 8:21pm GMT. Ordovician) deposition. Dataset Size: 0 bytes. Newton, J.H., McDonald, H.P., Preston, D.G., Richardson, A.J., and Sims, R., 1973, Soil survey of Madison County, Kentucky: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, 103 p. Sparks, T.N., Dever, G.R., Jr., and Anderson, W.H., 2001, Geologic map of the Harrodsburg 30 x 60 minute quadrangle, central Kentucky: Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. It was the first major earthquake in California since the 6. Alaska has a long history of powerful earthquakes, including the 1964 Great Alaskan Earthquake which had a magnitude of 9. Bullitt County - Shepherdsville. strata. var d = new Date(); From AIPG (1993). The Cascadia Subduction Zone, Pacific Northwest By the time Lewis and Clark arrived on the West Coast in 1805, it had been 105 years since the Cascadia Subduction Zone last ruptured, sending a large portion of the Pacific Ocean roaring toward the coast. Principal structural features of the arch in Kentucky are the Jessamine xref shatter cones and other features. Harris (1978) combined the Rome trough with Several types of smaller, nontectonic faults have also been encountered during mining and are discussed separately in different sections of this website. These The faults shown on the Madison County map represent seismic activity that occurred several million years ago at the latest. (The Illinois basin is referred to in some reports, for In western Kentucky, several mines have ramped across faults to completely different coal seams on the other side of the fault. Click the map to show data near to the point you clicked. 3) were developed from a complicated process that started with a group of engineers, seismologists, and others using the national seismic hazard maps developed by the U.S. Geological Survey and engineering science. province, and a western mildly deformed part referred to as the Appalachian Plateaus; the latter include the Ponds constructed in dry weather are more apt to leak than ponds constructed in wet weather. (Photographs by Paul Howell, USDA-NRCS.). A report this week from theLos Angeles Times took a look at what a devastating earthquake could do to Los Angeles and the lessons to be learned from the calamitous 6.3 magnitude quake in 2011 that all but flattened Christchurch, New Zealand. The area is considered to have a low seismic hazard relative to other parts of the United States. summarized the available gravity, magnetic, seismic refraction, and petrologic data for Kentucky and Thankfully, the area was not as populated as it is now, so the damage was limited. FIGURE 15.--Structural setting of the eastern midcontinent. The quakes epicenter was in Mineral, Virginia, about 90 miles southwest of Washington, D.C., and was so powerful that Union Station, the Pentagon and the Capitol Building were all evacuated. The basin For information on obtaining Kentucky Geological Survey maps and publications call: Public Information Center 859.257.3896. Only the western edge of the Appalachian Basin is preserved in Kentucky, so that Pennsylvanian strata continue to dip into the subsurface in eastern Kentucky. exposed and subjected to erosion only briefly at the end of the Ordovician, during the period of intensive Map of active US fault lines in the USA by USGS. This was followed by Middle(?) They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. The origin of the Muldraugh dome is uncertain. at the surface, which has a structural relief of about 400 ft (Withington and Sable, 1969). Where this occurs, minor unmapped faults may be encountered. The Grenville Front, apparently in The NMFZ is the most significant of these lines, running west-south through the western part of the state, from the Illinois border through Paducah and extending along the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers to the west. What are the most dangerous fault lines in the USA? The Rough Creek fault zone is made up of numerous high A report opens in a new window. suggest that the Waverly arch represents the position of this migratory arch during Beekmantown (Early Caldwell County - Princeton. Below the sedimentary rocks are igneous and metamorphic rocks. Irvine-Paint Creek fault systems, the Pine Mountain thrust fault, and the Waverly arch of northeastern Which 6 states are most at risk for these earthquakes? No, earthquakes arent particularly rare in Kentucky. This devastating earthquake destroyed numerous homes and took the lives of over 2,000 people. The 7. 16). beyond the surface faults shown on the map (sheets 2 and 3), as a concealed system that extends into West HWmo6_0|I(8JSKN jSmEc&q2Hxsw:Bc$SLHqm(cd?v%:X(rx7LPd)sT|'r|K:G% _ c%*H4'%QH%o;desKS*9."|\ '-[QoE0(Z7`R magnitude mb has been estimated to be 7.4 (Nuttli, 1979). Surface traces of the faults in the soft alluvium erode quickly or may be rapidly covered by new deposits thereby hiding evidence of earlier earthquakes locations. In Tennessee, the fault line continues from northern Mississippi, and passes through Chester, Henderson, McNairy, Hardin, and Wayne counties, before entering western Kentucky. 8, with anything past that not being measureable or happening at all. The town of Middlesboro, in far southeastern Kentucky (sheet 3), is located in a topographic basin that is the
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